Introduction
Semiconductors have acquired considerable importance in our society. They form the basis of all the electronic and optoelectronic components used in computer, telecommunications and television devices, in cars and household appliances, etc. In fact, it is said that we are in the age of silicon, the most widely used semiconductor.
Semiconductors are solid bodies whose electrical conductivity lies between that of metals and that of insulators. The electrical conductivity of solids is a property that is due to the presence of electrons that are free to move in the medium and thus generate an electric current.